Former Residence of Yang Yuke in Lanping County, Nujiang
Introduction to Yang Yuke
Yang Yuke (杨玉科) was a celebrated patriotic general during the Qing Dynasty (清朝) and a hero in the Franco-Chinese War (抗法战争). He is a source of pride not only for Yunnan (云南) but also for Nujiang (怒江) and Lanping County (兰坪). The former residence of Yang Yuke is located in Yingpan Town (营盘镇), specifically on Yingpan Street (营盘街). Construction of the residence began in the second year of the Guangxu Emperor (光绪) reign (1876), covering an area of approximately 3,200 square meters. The complex consists of three main parts: the Duke’s Mansion (爵府), Cangjiang Academy (沧江书院), and Kuixing Pavilion (魁星阁).
Structure of the Residence
- Duke’s Mansion (爵府): This area occupies 2,500 square meters and contains three courtyards, 72 doors, a screen wall (照壁), and a shrine (祠). It also features a garden with cypress, phoenix trees, and Yunnan pines, as well as the joint tomb of Yang Yuke’s parents, complete with an inscribed stele.
- Cangjiang Academy (沧江书院): This building is designed around a central courtyard and includes the main building, flanking side rooms, and an entrance archway. The academy covers approximately 475 square meters and has inscriptions inside the courtyard.
- Kuixing Pavilion (魁星阁): Built in 1873 with funds donated by Yang Yuke, this pavilion served as a site for the “Chinese Theater Air Defense Information Station” during World War II.
Due to a fire that damaged the Duke’s Mansion, only the screen wall, shrine, trees, tombs, and inscriptions remain today. On December 22, 1998, local leaders funded a statue of Yang Yuke to be erected in front of the shrine.
Historical Background
Yang Yuke (1838-1885) was a renowned patriotic general during the Qing Dynasty. Born in Yingpan Town, he entered the Qing army as a volunteer in the early years of the Tongzhi Emperor’s reign (同治), serving under General He Yaozu (和耀曾). He rose through the ranks due to his accomplishments and was eventually awarded the title of “Liyong Batulu” (励勇巴图鲁) along with a yellow jacket (黄马褂). In early 1885, he fought valiantly against a heavily armed French invasion but ultimately fell in battle, earning posthumous honors.
Cultural Significance
In June 1986, the local government designated Yang Yuke’s former residence as a county-level cultural heritage site. It was later elevated to a state-level site in October 2000 and a provincial-level site in 2003. A management committee was established, and an exhibition hall showcasing Yang Yuke’s history was opened in 2001. Renovations were approved by the provincial government in 2019.
The Exhibition Hall
Stepping into the exhibition hall dedicated to Yang Yuke, visitors are greeted by a solemn atmosphere steeped in history. The walls are adorned with historical texts that transport one back to 1884, during the outbreak of the Franco-Chinese War. Yang Yuke famously defended Guanyinqiao (观音桥) in Liangshan Prefecture (谅山府), successfully defeating thousands of French troops in multiple battles.
In early 1885, faced with overwhelming French forces, Yang Yuke declared, “After a hundred battles, I have now found my destined place to die!” Tragically, he lost his life in combat, and his wife, Niu (牛氏), also perished alongside him. The Qing court posthumously honored him with the title of “Taizi Shaobao” (太子少保) and the epithet “Wumin” (武愍).
The exhibition hall features portraits of Yang Yuke, his title of “Liyong Batulu,” and plaques showcasing his contributions. His legacy is not only that of a military leader but also of a devoted son of the land, having invested in the education and welfare of his hometown.
How to Get There
To reach the Former Residence of Yang Yuke in Yingpan Town:
- Travel Route: From the county seat of Lanping, take the highway towards Yingpan Town. The distance is approximately 53.8 kilometers, and the drive takes around an hour.
- Public Transport: Local buses may operate between Lanping County and Yingpan Town, but it’s advisable to check schedules in advance for reliability.
- Scenic Route: The journey offers picturesque views of the Nujiang River Valley (怒江纵谷), making it a delightful drive.
Travel Tips
- Best Time to Visit: Spring and autumn provide the best weather for exploring the area and enjoying outdoor activities.
- Photography: Bring a camera to capture the stunning architecture and the beautiful natural surroundings.
- Local Cuisine: Don’t miss the chance to try local Yunnan dishes in nearby eateries.
- Cultural Respect: While visiting, please be respectful of the site’s historical significance and maintain cleanliness.
The Former Residence of Yang Yuke stands as a powerful reminder of the spirit of patriotism and resilience, making it a significant destination for those interested in history and culture.
