Mengga Village and Tuzhang Earth House in Mojiang County, Puer
Chinese Name: 普洱市墨江县那哈乡牛红村委会勐嘎村
English Name: Mengga Village and Tuzhang Earth House in Mojiang County, Puer
Location: Mengga Village and Tuzhang Earth House are located in Mojiang County, Puer. Mengga Village is part of the Nahaxiang administrative area in Mojiang.
Overview: Mengga Village and Tuzhang Earth House are notable for their unique traditional architecture and rich ethnic culture, especially the Hani people’s distinctive earthen buildings and their vibrant cultural practices.
1. Mengga Village
History and Ethnic Background:
- Mengga Village is an ancient Hani settlement in the Ailao Mountains, with a history reflecting the region’s ethnic diversity. Originally settled by the Dai people, the area was later populated by the Hani, who developed their own distinctive culture and architectural style.
Architecture:
- Tuzhang Earth House: These are traditional earthen buildings constructed with rammed earth. The design typically features a “品” (pin) shaped layout, with two main parts:
- Upper Main House (Gundui): This part includes three large rooms. The central room, known as the “hall,” serves as a living space with an altar for ancestral worship and family gatherings. The other two rooms on either side are used for sleeping and storage.
- Lower Main House (Gunmei): This section is similar to the upper house but serves as the community’s secondary living and ceremonial space.
- Connecting Ladders: The unique wooden ladders used to traverse between houses are called “独木梯” (du mu ti). These are simple logs carved to form steps, allowing residents to move between rooftops, which is crucial in a village where pathways can be labyrinthine.
Culture and Customs:
- Clothing: The Hani people are known for their vibrant traditional costumes, which feature intricate embroidery and bright colors. The women’s attire often includes black, white, and red elements, with elaborate silver ornaments and tassels.
- Festivals: Festivals and traditional ceremonies are integral to Hani culture, often involving singing and dancing. The “Ami Che” song, performed by middle-aged women, reflects a joyful and nostalgic aspect of Hani folk traditions.
Dining and Food:
- Local Cuisine: Hani cuisine includes a variety of dishes made from locally sourced ingredients. Meals often feature rice, vegetables, and meats, prepared with distinctive local flavors and techniques.
Religion and Beliefs:
- Religious Practices: The Hani people practice a form of animism and ancestor worship. Their rituals often involve offerings and ceremonies held at sacred sites like the ancestral altar in the main house.
Language:
- Local Dialects: The Hani language is part of the Sino-Tibetan language family. While some villagers may speak Mandarin, the Hani language and dialects are still used in daily life and cultural practices.
2. Tuzhang Earth House
Overview:
- Tuzhang Earth House is a prime example of traditional Hani architecture. These houses are designed to withstand the region’s climate and are notable for their durability and functionality.
Visiting Tips:
- Navigating the Village: The layout of the village and the interconnected rooftops can make it easy to get lost. If you find yourself disoriented, entering a house and observing from the rooftop can help you regain your bearings.
- Local Interactions: Respect local customs and traditions, and be mindful of the community’s way of life. Engaging with villagers and learning about their daily routines can enhance your experience.
Nearby Attractions:
- Kui Neng Village: Located near Mengga, Kui Neng offers similar earthen architecture and traditional village life, providing a convenient alternative for those interested in exploring Hani culture without traveling far.
Summary
A visit to Mengga Village and Tuzhang Earth House offers a deep dive into the Hani ethnic culture through its unique architecture, vibrant traditions, and local practices. Exploring these sites provides an immersive experience into the history and daily life of the Hani people in Puer.
