Pu Jiasen – Inheritor of Yi Wood-carving and Tiger-head Mask Handicraft in Jinning District, Kunming
Pu Jiasen (普加森), born in 1937, is a respected artisan from Dake Village, Xiyang Township, Jinning District, Kunming. As a member of the Yi ethnic group, Pu Jiasen has made significant contributions to the preservation of Yi wood-carving and the tiger-head mask handicraft, both of which are important aspects of Yi cultural heritage.
Early Life and Apprenticeship
Pu Jiasen’s artistic journey began at the young age of 14, when he started learning the craft of woodworking. Initially, he focused on practical carpentry, making everyday items such as tables, chairs, and household columns. However, over the years, his skills expanded, and he became proficient in various other crafts, including ironworking, stone carving, painting, and even textile work. His versatility earned him a reputation as a multitalented craftsman.
As he approached his 30s, Pu Jiasen developed a keen interest in more specialized crafts, particularly Yi wood-carving and the creation of tiger-head masks. His deep engagement with these traditional arts has made him a key figure in the preservation and continuation of these handicrafts in his community.
Yi Wood-carving and Craftsmanship
Pu Jiasen’s Yi wood-carving works are known for their intricate designs and fine craftsmanship. Some of his most notable pieces include dragon heads, sanxian (three-stringed instrument) carvings, moon guitars, and door decorations. He has created more than 50 door decorations, many of which have been sold in various places, including Chenggong, Guandu, Jinning, Yuxi, Eshan, and Yimen. These works are highly valued for their combination of functional and aesthetic qualities, often incorporating cultural symbols and motifs significant to the Yi people.
Tiger-head Masks
One of Pu Jiasen’s most well-known crafts is the creation of tiger-head masks, which have a unique cultural significance in the Yi tradition. These masks, known as “Cat Masks” (猫猫面具), are inspired by a tiger-head mask originally created by Yi Jinbao from his village in the 1940s. The masks were historically used in hunting rituals and sacrificial ceremonies to ward off wild beasts and ensure successful hunts. Over time, the masks evolved from their original ceremonial purpose into a form of folk entertainment.
Pu Jiasen’s tiger-head masks continue this tradition, embodying both the spiritual significance of the original masks and the artistic creativity of modern craftsmanship. His masks are well-regarded for their vibrant, expressive designs, which have made them popular not only among local Yi communities but also in the broader cultural market.
Teaching and Legacy
Today, Pu Jiasen is dedicated to passing on his craft to the next generation. He has taken on apprentices, ensuring that the traditional skills and knowledge of Yi wood-carving and tiger-head mask making are preserved for future generations. Through his efforts, he continues to contribute to the cultural heritage of the Yi people and plays an essential role in keeping these traditional crafts alive.
Cultural Importance and Recognition
Pu Jiasen’s work has earned him recognition as a significant intangible cultural heritage figure in Jinning District, where his craftsmanship is not only appreciated for its artistic value but also for its contribution to the local cultural identity. His commitment to preserving and innovating Yi artistic traditions makes him a central figure in the region’s cultural landscape.
Conclusion
Pu Jiasen’s journey from a young apprentice in carpentry to a respected master of Yi wood-carving and tiger-head mask making is a testament to his dedication to his craft and his culture. His contributions to the preservation of Yi folk art ensure that these traditional practices continue to thrive, adapting to modern times while maintaining their deep cultural roots.
