Hutoushan Martyrs’ Cemetery of The Red Army in Xuanwei City, Qujing
Overview
The Hutoushan Mausoleum of Red Army Martyrs (宣威市虎头山红军烈士陵园) is located on Daposhang (大坡山) in the northern part of Xuanwei City (宣威市), Qujing (曲靖), Yunnan Province (云南省), approximately 11 kilometers north of the city center. The site is historically significant as it served as a frontline command center during the Long March (长征) of the Chinese Red Army (红军) in their fierce battles against enemy forces.
The mausoleum consists of various memorial structures, including the archway of the Red Army Martyrs’ Mausoleum, the tomb of Red Army martyrs, the Red Army Combat Memorial Tower, and the Red Army Martyrs’ Memorial Hall. Other features include battle relief sculptures, informational panels on the Laibinpu Campaign, and an observation platform. The grand architecture of the mausoleum conveys a solemn and respectful atmosphere that inspires deep contemplation.
Historical Significance
Construction of the mausoleum began in 1977 and was completed in 1979 to honor the Red Army martyrs who sacrificed their lives during their battles in this region. Among its prominent features is the Red Army Combat Memorial Tower, which bears the inscription “Long Live the Heroic Red Army” in the calligraphy of Mao Zedong (毛泽东). The tower also displays verses from Mao’s poem “Long March” (《长征》).
The mausoleum houses the remains of 314 Red Army martyrs, and a 7-meter high gravestone is inscribed with the words “Tomb of Red Army Martyrs” (红军烈士之墓) in large characters. The site is set atop a hill, surrounded by pine trees, enhancing its dignified and sacred ambiance.
Notable Events
On March 23, 1936, during the Long March, leaders such as He Long (贺龙), Ren Bishi (任弼时), Guan Xiangying (关向应), and others led the Second and Sixth Red Army Corps through Xuanwei. They encountered fierce resistance from the local Guizhou Army (贵州军) and the Nationalist troops (国民党中央军), resulting in one of the most significant battles in Yunnan during the Long March. The Red Army fought valiantly, inflicting heavy casualties on the enemy, but eventually faced overwhelming numbers and better-equipped forces.
In this battle, over 300 Red Army soldiers made the ultimate sacrifice, marking this event as one of the most tragic and heroic episodes of the Long March. The spirit of their bravery continues to resonate within the local communities.
How to Get There
To reach the Daposhan Mausoleum of Red Army Martyrs, you can take a bus or drive to Xuanwei City. From Xuanwei, follow signs to the Daposhang area, which is about a 30-minute drive from the city center. The mausoleum is well-marked and accessible for visitors.
Travel Tips
- Best Time to Visit: The mausoleum can be visited year-round, but spring and autumn are particularly pleasant for sightseeing.
- Guided Tours: Consider joining a guided tour for a deeper understanding of the historical significance of the site.
- Local Amenities: Bring water and snacks, as nearby amenities may be limited.
- Respectful Behavior: Remember that this is a memorial site; maintain a respectful demeanor while exploring.
- Educational Opportunities: The mausoleum is an excellent place for educational trips, offering insights into China’s revolutionary history.
