Kawopeng Festival of Hani Ethnic Minority in Yuanyang County, Honghe

Geographical Location

Yuanyang County (元阳县) is located in the southern part of Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture (红河哈尼族彝族自治州), Yunnan Province (云南省). The region is characterized by high mountains and deep valleys, and it is home to 190,000 mu (approximately 12,667 hectares) of terraced fields with a history of over 1,300 years. These terraces, along with the unique farming culture of the Hani people (哈尼族), have given rise to an ecological system that harmoniously integrates forest, village, terraced fields, and water systems — a miracle in the history of global agricultural civilization.

Cultural and Historical Background

“Kaixiangmen” (开秧门) is a traditional and solemn ceremony held by Hani villages to mark the beginning of the rice transplanting season, symbolizing the official start of spring plowing. The Hani people are known for their deep reverence for nature, which is reflected in their spiritual beliefs and daily practices. Through their hard work and ingenuity, they created the world-renowned Honghe Hani Rice Terraces (红河哈尼梯田), now recognized as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site.

Folk Customs

On the day of “Kaixiangmen” (开秧门), Hani people of all ages gather at the terraces, singing while planting rice and dancing during breaks. They dress in traditional festive attire and bring offerings to a ritual altar near the fields, including yellow sticky rice and red-dyed eggs. These offerings are part of prayers for favorable weather and a bountiful harvest. During the festival, visitors can take part in rice planting and enjoy traditional events such as the Long Table Feast (长街宴).

Weather and Best Time to Visit

Yuanyang County (元阳县) has a subtropical monsoon climate, characterized by mild temperatures and abundant rainfall. The best time to visit is from April to May, when the weather is cool and suitable for outdoor activities.

Recommended Attractions and Visiting Time

Kaixiangmen Ceremony Site in Hani Town (哈尼小镇):
Visitors can observe performances of the “Kaixiangmen” ritual and demonstrations of traditional farming techniques.
Suggested visit duration: 2–3 hours.

Yuanyang Hani Rice Terraces (元阳哈尼梯田):
Marvel at the breathtaking terraced landscapes and immerse yourself in Hani agricultural culture.
Suggested visit duration: 1–2 days.

Transportation

Public Transport:
Take a long-distance bus from Kunming South Bus Station (昆明南部客运站) to Yuanyang (元阳). The journey takes about 5–6 hours. After arriving in Yuanyang, transfer to local transportation to reach Hani Town (哈尼小镇).

Self-Driving:
From Kunming (昆明), drive along the Kunming–Mohan Expressway (昆磨高速, G8511) to Yuanyang, then continue to Hani Town. Total distance is about 332 kilometers.

Local Cuisine

Hani Long Table Feast:
Sample traditional Hani dishes such as yellow sticky rice and red-dyed eggs.

Red Rice Noodles:
Unique noodles made from red rice grown in the terraced fields, offering a distinct flavor and texture.

Shopping

Hani Embroidery:
Traditional handcrafted embroidery items made by Hani artisans.

Terrace Red Rice:
A local specialty, this nutritious red rice is grown in the iconic terraced fields.

Accommodation

Hani Town :
Offers a range of hotels and guesthouses with affordable prices and strong ethnic charm.

Yuanyang County Town:
For a more comfortable stay, consider accommodations in the county center.

Travel Tips

• Respect the customs and traditions of local ethnic minorities, especially when visiting villages or participating in cultural festivals.
• Help preserve the environment by not littering.
• Some paths in the terraced fields are steep, so wear comfortable and sturdy footwear.

Suggested Itinerary

Day 1:
Arrive in Yuanyang County, check into your hotel, and head to Hani Town to watch the “Kaixiangmen” performance.

Day 2:
Visit Yuanyang Hani Rice Terraces to admire the stunning landscapes and experience Hani agricultural life.

Day 3:
Return to Yuanyang County town and conclude your journey.

Closing Remarks

The “Kaixiangmen” and Farming Culture Festival in Yuanyang County (元阳县) is a place rich with natural beauty and ethnic heritage. Whether you’re exploring the deep-rooted traditions of the Hani people or marveling at the awe-inspiring terraced fields, this experience promises unforgettable memories. We hope you have a wonderful and enriching journey here!