Mabang Old Town in Honghe County, Honghe
Mabang Old Town (马帮古城) is located on Dongmen Street (东门街) in Honghe County (红河县), Yunnan Province (云南省). The town mainly consists of three parts: the Dongmen City Tower (东门城楼), the Yao Chuju (姚初居) residences featuring a blend of Chinese and Western architecture, and the Qian Erguan Maze Courtyard (钱二官迷宫大院). All of these structures were built in the early years of the Republic of China (民国), approximately 70 years ago. This architectural ensemble is known as the most complete collection of traditional Chinese and Western-style residences in Honghe County, covering an area of over 20,000 square meters. It has earned the nickname “Garden of Architecture Beyond the River” (江外建筑大观园).
Historical Significance
Honghe County (红河县) is one of the three major overseas Chinese communities in Yunnan Province and has preserved nearly a hundred ancient residential buildings. The Yisa Dongmen Ancient Architecture Complex (迤萨东门古建筑群) consists of six individual buildings and occupies an area of 4,500 square meters, with a total floor area exceeding 20,000 square meters and more than 120 rooms. The complex includes the Dongmen Tower, Yao Chuju Residence, the rear courtyard of Yao Chuju, Qian Erguan Residence, Qian Erguan Annex, and three private residences, all built in the early Republic of China era.
In 2003, it was designated as a provincial-level historical monument, upgraded to national-level in 2013, and recognized as the 11th batch of international cultural exchange bases for overseas Chinese by the China Overseas Chinese Association in December 2023.
Architectural Features
The Mabang Old Town architectural complex is the most well-preserved and visually striking collection of traditional Chinese and Western-style residences in Honghe County. The total area of the complex is over 20,000 square meters, earning it the title of “Garden of Architecture Beyond the River.”
The complex reflects the historical and cultural essence of the Hani people (哈尼族) and showcases the harmonious integration of various architectural styles.
Key Buildings
- Dongmen City Tower (东门城楼):
- This tower connects with the Yao Chuju residence, constructed from 1937 to 1944, covering an area of 584 square meters and a floor area of 980 square meters. It features a square fortress-like appearance and defensive shooting holes.
- Yao Chuju Residence (姚初居):
- This courtyard combines Chinese and Western elements, with a design primarily influenced by French architecture but featuring traditional Chinese interior styles.
- Qian Erguan Maze Courtyard (钱二官迷宫大院):
- Renowned for being the first brick-arch building beyond the river, this structure contains no steel reinforcements and features eight courtyards, 44 rooms, and 188 doors and windows, creating a labyrinth-like design.
Cultural Impact
As time has passed, many old buildings have suffered from natural disasters, but Mabang Old Town stands resilient against the elements, remaining a testament to its historical significance. The ancient architecture speaks volumes about the past of Yisa (迤萨) and continues to inspire future generations.
Visiting Information
- Location: Honghe County (红河县), Yunnan Province (云南省)
- Climate: Subtropical monsoon
- Opening Hours: Year-round, Monday to Sunday, 08:00-17:00
- Attraction Level: AA level
- Admission Fee: Free
- Total Area: 4,500 m²
How to Get There
Mabang Old Town is easily accessible by public transportation from major cities in Yunnan Province. You can take a bus or hire a taxi from the nearest bus station to Honghe County. The town is located approximately 5 kilometers from the center of Yisa.
Travel Tips
- Best Time to Visit: The best seasons to visit are spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant.
- Photography: The golden light during sunset provides an excellent opportunity for stunning photographs, especially around the Dongmen City Tower and the Yao Chuju Residence.
- Respect Local Customs: As this area is culturally rich, it’s essential to respect local traditions and practices while visiting.
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