Village of Manchu Ethnic Minority in Yunnan Ethnic Villages, Kunming
Overview of the Manchu Ethnic Minority
The Manchu ethnic minority (满族) in Yunnan Province (云南省) has a population of approximately 14,000. They are mainly distributed in cities such as Kunming (昆明), Baoshan (保山), Simao (思茅), Qujing (曲靖), and Chuxiong (楚雄). The Manchu people have a significant presence in urban areas, with many engaged in professions related to engineering, administration, culture, and healthcare.
Historical Background
The Manchu migration to Yunnan began in the early Qing Dynasty (清朝). In the 20th year of the Kangxi Emperor’s reign (康熙二十年, 1681), Prince Zhangtai (贝子彰泰) led 100,000 soldiers from both the Manchu and Han ethnic groups to conquer Kunming. It is said that “some of the Eight Banners’ servants did not return with the army, but instead hid in Yunnan (滇境).”
Following this, an increasing number of Manchu people migrated to Yunnan, either accompanying officials, engaging in commerce, or arriving during the War of Resistance against Japan. Many of these Manchu people settled in Kunming. Areas like Ruan’an Street (如安街) in Kunming were once populated by the Manchu, which was historically referred to as “Qiren Street” (旗人街).
Cuisine
The Manchu cuisine is rich and distinctive, often described as “Manchu-style Han dishes” (满点汉菜). One of the most representative dishes that embodies the fusion of Manchu and Han culinary culture is the “Manchu-Han Full Banquet” (满汉全席), which features over 100 dishes that maintain the unique characteristics of Manchu food in terms of ingredients, preparation, and eating styles.
Festivals
Many of the festivals celebrated by the Manchu people are similar to those of the Han ethnic group. The main festivals include:
- Spring Festival (春节)
- Lantern Festival (元宵节)
- Dragon Head Raising Day (二月二)
- Duanwu Festival (端午节)
- Mid-Autumn Festival (中秋节)
During these festivals, traditional sports activities such as pearl ball games and horse racing are commonly held.
Architectural Features
The Village of Manchu Ethnic Minority in Yunnan Ethnic Villages (云南民族村–满族寨) draws inspiration from the traditional courtyard structures of the Manchu people from Benxi (本溪) in Northeast China. At the same time, it incorporates numerous elements of the Siheyuan (四合院) architectural style typical of Kunming. This unique blend creates a perfect combination of the architectural styles from both regions, showcasing the cultural heritage of the Manchu people.
